honojs/hono
Dimensions
Interface surface 3 solid [library] The public API is statically typed (py.typed, type declarations, a typed language).
Can another program use it through a documented, machine-readable surface?
- next: [service] L2 A contract exists: a checked-in OpenAPI/GraphQL/protobuf/AsyncAPI spec, a framework-generated spec, MCP tool schemas, or a standard application protocol that off-the-shelf clients speak (RESP, MQTT, gRPC, PostgreSQL wire, …). (no machine-readable contract)
- next: [library] L4 An API reference is generated from the code (autodoc, mkdocstrings, typedoc, …). (no generated API reference)
library ladder · level 3
- ✓ L1 An importable, packaged API exists. adapters/aws-lambda/package.json npm packageadapters/bun/package.json npm package
- ✓ L2 The public API is delimited (__all__, an exports map, exported identifiers). adapters/aws-lambda/package.json package entry pointadapters/bun/package.json package entry point
- ✓ L3 The public API is statically typed (py.typed, type declarations, a typed language). adapters/aws-lambda/package.json TypeScript typesadapters/bun/package.json TypeScript types
- ✗ L4 An API reference is generated from the code (autodoc, mkdocstrings, typedoc, …). no generated API reference
service ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 A network surface exists: HTTP routes, an MCP server, or a standard protocol listener. runtime-tests/workerd/index.ts express/koa/hono: 3 route declarations
- ✗ L2 A contract exists: a checked-in OpenAPI/GraphQL/protobuf/AsyncAPI spec, a framework-generated spec, MCP tool schemas, or a standard application protocol that off-the-shelf clients speak (RESP, MQTT, gRPC, PostgreSQL wire, …). no machine-readable contract
- ✗ L3 A contract covers its transport: an HTTP contract covers at least 80% of declared routes (generated contracts do), or the application layer over a standard protocol (commands, topics, payloads) is specified in a protocol document or AsyncAPI. no contract
- ✓ L4 A second surface: another transport (HTTP and a protocol, two protocols), an MCP server, a CLI with JSON output, or an SDK. runtime-tests/workerd/index.ts HTTPsrc/client/client.ts SDK
Contract stability 1 ad hoc Releases are versioned (semver tags or versioned changelog sections).
Can integrators rely on it not changing under them?
- next: L2 A changelog exists and marks breaking changes. (no changelog)
all ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Releases are versioned (semver tags or versioned changelog sections). 456 semver tags, latest v5.0.0-rc.1
- ✗ L2 A changelog exists and marks breaking changes. no changelog
- ✗ L3 A deprecation mechanism is used in code (warnings, @deprecated, Deprecation/Sunset headers) or the API is versioned. no deprecation mechanism or API versioning
- ✓ L4 Across tagged releases, no OpenAPI operation, CLI option or __all__ symbol was removed without first being deprecated. 20 tagged releases compared
Events 2 partial Webhooks sent by this system, or a streaming endpoint (SSE, WebSocket).
Can others react to state changes without polling?
- next: L3 Signed webhooks registrable through the API, or two mechanisms (webhooks, streams, a broker). (one delivery mechanism, or webhooks that are unsigned or not registrable through the API)
service ladder · level 2
- ✓ L1 Internal events exist (signals, queues, an outbox, emitters). src/adapter/bun/websocket.ts 39 matchesadapters/bun/src/websocket.ts 37 matches
- ✓ L2 Webhooks sent by this system, or a streaming endpoint (SSE, WebSocket). src/adapter/bun/websocket.ts 39 matchesadapters/bun/src/websocket.ts 37 matches
- ✗ L3 Signed webhooks registrable through the API, or two mechanisms (webhooks, streams, a broker). one delivery mechanism, or webhooks that are unsigned or not registrable through the API
- ✗ L4 Events are described by AsyncAPI or CloudEvents. no AsyncAPI or CloudEvents contract
Identity 1 ad hoc Programmatic authentication (bearer tokens, API keys).
Can a machine act with its own revocable, least-privilege identity?
- next: L2 Per-client, revocable credentials (managed API keys, service accounts) or OAuth2. (no managed keys or OAuth)
service ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Programmatic authentication (bearer tokens, API keys). src/middleware/bearer-auth/index.ts 2 matches
- ✗ L2 Per-client, revocable credentials (managed API keys, service accounts) or OAuth2. no managed keys or OAuth
- ✓ L3 Credentials carry scopes or permissions. adapters/aws-lambda/src/types.ts 1 matchsrc/adapter/aws-lambda/types.ts 1 match
- ✗ L4 Standard provisioning or federation (OIDC client credentials, SCIM). no OIDC client credentials or SCIM
Data portability n/a Not applicable: owns no persistent data.
Can its data get in and out, in bulk, in open formats, with an explicit schema?
Agent ergonomics 3 solid [library] Timeouts and retries are configurable.
Can an automated caller use it without guessing, and recover from failure?
- next: [service] L2 Field-level validation errors, and paginated lists. (no pagination)
- next: [library] L4 Agent docs, and examples that run as tests (doctests). (no agent docs)
library ladder · level 3
- ✓ L1 Errors are specific exception types, and library code never calls sys.exit. src/utils/jwt/types.ts 15 matchessrc/client/fetch-result-please.ts 1 match
- ✓ L2 Inputs are validated with messages naming the bad argument. src/utils/cookie.ts 9 matchessrc/utils/jwt/jws.ts 5 matches
- ✓ L3 Timeouts and retries are configurable. src/middleware/timeout/index.ts 1 matchsrc/helper/streaming/sse.ts 1 match
- ✗ L4 Agent docs, and examples that run as tests (doctests). no agent docs
service ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Errors are machine-readable: consistent JSON over HTTP, or a standard protocol's native error replies (RESP errors, MQTT reason codes, gRPC status, SQLSTATE). src/jsx/dom/render.ts 15 matchessrc/hono-base.ts 11 matches
- ✗ L2 Field-level validation errors, and paginated lists. no pagination
- ✗ L3 Typed errors (RFC 9457 over HTTP, or a standard protocol's typed error codes), idempotent writes (Idempotency-Key), and rate-limit signals. no typed errors
- ✗ L4 Dry-run or validate-only, conditional requests, and agent docs. no dry-run
Embeddability 2 partial [library] Installable as a package (a package manifest).
Can another system run and compose it without a human?
- next: [service] L2 Configured through environment variables, documented: a .env example, a config schema, or docs naming at least half of the variables the code reads. (configuration isn't read from the environment)
- next: [library] L3 Published to a public registry, with at most 10 runtime dependencies. (not published to a registry)
library ladder · level 2
- ✓ L1 Importable from source. adapters/aws-lambda/package.json npm packageadapters/bun/package.json npm package
- ✓ L2 Installable as a package (a package manifest). adapters/aws-lambda/package.json package manifestadapters/bun/package.json package manifest
- ✗ L3 Published to a public registry, with at most 10 runtime dependencies. not published to a registry
- ✗ L4 Optional features behind extras/features. no optional extras
service ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Runnable from source with documented steps (a README with commands). README.md
- ✗ L2 Configured through environment variables, documented: a .env example, a config schema, or docs naming at least half of the variables the code reads. configuration isn't read from the environment
- ✗ L3 A container image. no Dockerfile
- ✗ L4 Composition artifacts (compose, Helm, IaC). no compose/Helm/IaC
Extensibility 0 absent Not yet: Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager.
Can behaviour be added without modifying the code?
- next: L1 Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager. (no registry or registration function)
all ladder · level 0
- ✗ L1 Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager. no registry or registration function
- ✗ L2 The docs show how to add behaviour through those seams (even in-tree). no registration functions to document
- ✗ L3 Out-of-tree extensions are discovered (entry points, a plugin directory, configuration) without editing the package. extensions must be added inside the package
- ✗ L4 The extension API is versioned, has lifecycle hooks, and has example extensions. the extension API isn't versioned
Observability 0 absent [service] Not yet: A health or readiness endpoint, or a container healthcheck.
Can an operator, or an orchestrating agent, tell whether it works and why not?
- next: [service] L1 A health or readiness endpoint, or a container healthcheck. (no health endpoint or healthcheck)
- next: [library] L1 Logs through a standard logger namespace and never prints from library code. (no standard logger)
library ladder · level 0
- ✗ L1 Logs through a standard logger namespace and never prints from library code. no standard logger
- ✗ L2 Log levels are used meaningfully (at least two levels). fewer than two log levels used
- ✗ L3 Optional metrics or tracing hooks. no metrics or tracing hooks
- ✗ L4 OpenTelemetry instrumentation available. no OpenTelemetry instrumentation
service ladder · level 0
- ✗ L1 A health or readiness endpoint, or a container healthcheck. no health endpoint or healthcheck
- ✗ L2 Structured logs. no structured logging
- ✗ L3 Metrics. no metrics
- ✗ L4 Distributed tracing (OpenTelemetry). no tracing
Change legibility 2 partial CI runs the tests; applications pin dependencies (libraries and zero-dependency projects are exempt).
Can an agent change it safely with limited context?
- next: L3 At least 90% of modules fit 32k tokens and no file exceeds 12k; test/source token ratio at least 0.3; at least 70% of the code is typed. (99% of modules fit 32k tokens; 1 files over 12k)
all ladder · level 2
- ✓ L1 A README and some tests. README.mdadapters/aws-lambda/src/conninfo.test.ts 163 test files
- ✓ L2 CI runs the tests; applications pin dependencies (libraries and zero-dependency projects are exempt). .github/workflows/autofix.yml.github/workflows/ci-adapters.yml
- ✗ L3 At least 90% of modules fit 32k tokens and no file exceeds 12k; test/source token ratio at least 0.3; at least 70% of the code is typed. 99% of modules fit 32k tokens; 1 files over 12k
- ✗ L4 No import cycles, and agent docs (AGENTS.md, CLAUDE.md, llms.txt). 5 import cycles (largest: src/jsx/base.ts, src/jsx/children.ts, src/jsx/context.ts)
Make or buy
Make with agents
2,141,508 output + 53,537,700 input tokens
on anthropic:claude-opus-5-5 ≈ $84.
23.8 agent-hours · 202.6 human days (22.0 steering + 180.6 rediscovering history).
$157,586 over 3 years
Buy (adopt as is)
15 min to running (via library) + 10 min to first use (via library).
240 min/year of upgrades; price $0/year.
$832 over 3 years
Buying wins below $52,251 per year. How this is estimated.
Classic COCOMO vs neosloc value
Classic COCOMO (sloccount)
21.51 KSLOC → 60.2 person-months over 11.9 months.
$678k
The effort to write it by hand, as COCOMO priced it in 1981.
neosloc value (neoCOCOMO)
Reproduce with agents: 13.3 PM (×0.22 of classic; 73% of behaviour captured by tests, contract and docs).
Rediscover uncaptured history: 8.6 PM (894 fixes in 2793 commits by 380 authors).
× leverage 0.94 (integrability) × obsolescence 0.95.
$222k (19.7 PM)
What survives
33% of the classic figure
39% of the replacement cost lives only in code and history.
History
| Evaluated | Commit | neosloc | Index | Make or buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-12 | 552ea0242500 | 0.8.0 | 1.56 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | 5f36607f67aa | 0.8.0 | 1.56 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | 5f36607f67aa | 0.7.4 | 1.56 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | 5f36607f67aa | 0.7.3 | 1.33 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | 5f36607f67aa | 0.7.2 | 1.33 | buy |