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geopython/pygeoapi

https://github.com/geopython/pygeoapi · commit 0b3838011d54 · evaluated 2026-10-07 with neosloc 0.8.0 · JSON

1.30 integrability index over 10 applicable dimensions
service, cli surfaces · owns data
$742k → $61k classic COCOMO → neosloc value (8% survives)
buy make / buy = 8.50 over 3 years

Dimensions

Interface surface 4 exemplary [service] A second surface: another transport (HTTP and a protocol, two protocols), an MCP server, a CLI with JSON output, or an SDK.

Can another program use it through a documented, machine-readable surface?

  • next: [cli] L2 --help documents every option (at least 90% of options have help text). (8 of 15 options have help text)

cli ladder · level 1

  • ✓ L1 Invocable non-interactively: no prompts, or prompts guarded by a TTY check or a --yes/--no-input option. no interactive prompts
  • ✗ L2 --help documents every option (at least 90% of options have help text). 8 of 15 options have help text
  • ✗ L3 Machine-readable output (--json/--format) and documented exit statuses. exit statuses aren't documented
  • ✓ L4 The output format is specified by a JSON Schema. pygeoapi/api/__init__.py 2 matchespygeoapi/api/itemtypes.py 2 matches

service ladder · level 4

  • ✓ L1 A network surface exists: HTTP routes, an MCP server, or a standard protocol listener. pygeoapi/flask_app.py fastapi/flask: 51 route declarationspygeoapi/django_/urls.py django: 30 route declarations
  • ✓ L2 A contract exists: a checked-in OpenAPI/GraphQL/protobuf/AsyncAPI spec, a framework-generated spec, MCP tool schemas, or a standard application protocol that off-the-shelf clients speak (RESP, MQTT, gRPC, PostgreSQL wire, …). pygeoapi/resources/schemas/asyncapi/asyncapi-3.0.0.json asyncapi, 0 operations
  • ✓ L3 A contract covers its transport: an HTTP contract covers at least 80% of declared routes (generated contracts do), or the application layer over a standard protocol (commands, topics, payloads) is specified in a protocol document or AsyncAPI. pygeoapi/resources/schemas/asyncapi/asyncapi-3.0.0.json asyncapi, 0 operations
  • ✓ L4 A second surface: another transport (HTTP and a protocol, two protocols), an MCP server, a CLI with JSON output, or an SDK. pygeoapi/flask_app.py HTTPpygeoapi/asyncapi.py CLI JSON output
Contract stability 1 ad hoc Releases are versioned (semver tags or versioned changelog sections).

Can integrators rely on it not changing under them?

  • next: L2 A changelog exists and marks breaking changes. (no changelog)

all ladder · level 1

  • ✓ L1 Releases are versioned (semver tags or versioned changelog sections). 37 semver tags, latest 0.24.0
  • ✗ L2 A changelog exists and marks breaking changes. no changelog
  • ✗ L3 A deprecation mechanism is used in code (warnings, @deprecated, Deprecation/Sunset headers) or the API is versioned. no deprecation mechanism or API versioning
  • ✓ L4 Across tagged releases, no OpenAPI operation, CLI option or __all__ symbol was removed without first being deprecated. 20 tagged releases compared
Events 1 ad hoc Internal events exist (signals, queues, an outbox, emitters).

Can others react to state changes without polling?

  • next: L2 Webhooks sent by this system, or a streaming endpoint (SSE, WebSocket). (no outbound webhooks or streams)

service ladder · level 1

Identity 0 absent Not yet: Programmatic authentication (bearer tokens, API keys).

Can a machine act with its own revocable, least-privilege identity?

  • next: L1 Programmatic authentication (bearer tokens, API keys). (no token auth)

service ladder · level 0

  • ✗ L1 Programmatic authentication (bearer tokens, API keys). no token auth
  • ✗ L2 Per-client, revocable credentials (managed API keys, service accounts) or OAuth2. no managed keys or OAuth
  • ✓ L3 Credentials carry scopes or permissions. pygeoapi/starlette_app.py 4 matchespygeoapi/api/__init__.py 1 match
  • ✗ L4 Standard provisioning or federation (OIDC client credentials, SCIM). no OIDC client credentials or SCIM
Data portability 0 absent Not yet: The data schema is explicit (migrations, DDL, schema files).

Can its data get in and out, in bulk, in open formats, with an explicit schema?

  • next: L1 The data schema is explicit (migrations, DDL, schema files). (no migrations or schema files)

all ladder · level 0

  • ✗ L1 The data schema is explicit (migrations, DDL, schema files). no migrations or schema files
  • ✗ L2 An export exists (endpoint or command, not only the UI). no export
  • ✗ L3 A bulk export in an open format, and a bulk import. no import
  • ✗ L4 The export format is documented and the round trip is tested. no round-trip test
Agent ergonomics 2 partial [cli] Data on stdout, diagnostics on stderr, non-zero exit on failure.

Can an automated caller use it without guessing, and recover from failure?

  • next: [service] L1 Errors are machine-readable: consistent JSON over HTTP, or a standard protocol's native error replies (RESP errors, MQTT reason codes, gRPC status, SQLSTATE). (no machine-readable errors)
  • next: [cli] L3 Documented exit statuses distinguish error classes, errors are JSON in JSON mode, and color is off when not a TTY. (exit statuses aren't documented)

cli ladder · level 2

  • ✓ L1 Never blocks on a prompt when stdin is not a TTY. no interactive prompts
  • ✓ L2 Data on stdout, diagnostics on stderr, non-zero exit on failure. pygeoapi/log.py 14 matchespygeoapi/api/__init__.py 2 matches
  • ✗ L3 Documented exit statuses distinguish error classes, errors are JSON in JSON mode, and color is off when not a TTY. exit statuses aren't documented
  • ✗ L4 --dry-run, limits for long or costly operations (timeouts, budgets), and agent docs. no --dry-run

service ladder · level 0

  • ✗ L1 Errors are machine-readable: consistent JSON over HTTP, or a standard protocol's native error replies (RESP errors, MQTT reason codes, gRPC status, SQLSTATE). no machine-readable errors
  • ✓ L2 Field-level validation errors, and paginated lists. pygeoapi/models/provider/base.py 4 matchespygeoapi/models/config.py 3 matches
  • ✗ L3 Typed errors (RFC 9457 over HTTP, or a standard protocol's typed error codes), idempotent writes (Idempotency-Key), and rate-limit signals. no typed errors
  • ✗ L4 Dry-run or validate-only, conditional requests, and agent docs. no dry-run
Embeddability 2 partial [cli] Installable as a package that provides the command.

Can another system run and compose it without a human?

  • next: [service] L1 Runnable from source with documented steps (a README with commands). (no documented run steps)
  • next: [cli] L3 Published to a public registry and run non-interactively in CI. (not published to a registry)

cli ladder · level 2

  • ✓ L1 Runnable from source (a declared entry point). setup.py console script
  • ✓ L2 Installable as a package that provides the command. setup.py console script
  • ✗ L3 Published to a public registry and run non-interactively in CI. not published to a registry
  • ✓ L4 Also shipped as a container image or a single binary. Dockerfile

service ladder · level 0

  • ✗ L1 Runnable from source with documented steps (a README with commands). no documented run steps
  • ✓ L2 Configured through environment variables, documented: a .env example, a config schema, or docs naming at least half of the variables the code reads. pygeoapi/api/admin.py 2 matchespygeoapi/config.py 2 matches
  • ✓ L3 A container image. Dockerfile
  • ✗ L4 Composition artifacts (compose, Helm, IaC). no compose/Helm/IaC
Extensibility 0 absent Not yet: Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager.

Can behaviour be added without modifying the code?

  • next: L1 Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager. (no registry or registration function)

all ladder · level 0

  • ✗ L1 Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager. no registry or registration function
  • ✗ L2 The docs show how to add behaviour through those seams (even in-tree). no registration functions to document
  • ✓ L3 Out-of-tree extensions are discovered (entry points, a plugin directory, configuration) without editing the package. pygeoapi/__init__.py 1 match
  • ✗ L4 The extension API is versioned, has lifecycle hooks, and has example extensions. no lifecycle hooks
Observability 2 partial [cli] Verbosity control for diagnostics (--quiet, --log-level, --debug).

Can an operator, or an orchestrating agent, tell whether it works and why not?

  • next: [service] L1 A health or readiness endpoint, or a container healthcheck. (no health endpoint or healthcheck)
  • next: [cli] L3 Structured logs (e.g. --log-format json) or a machine-readable run summary. (no structured diagnostics)

cli ladder · level 2

service ladder · level 0

  • ✗ L1 A health or readiness endpoint, or a container healthcheck. no health endpoint or healthcheck
  • ✗ L2 Structured logs. no structured logging
  • ✗ L3 Metrics. no metrics
  • ✗ L4 Distributed tracing (OpenTelemetry). no tracing
Change legibility 1 ad hoc A README and some tests.

Can an agent change it safely with limited context?

  • next: L2 CI runs the tests; applications pin dependencies (libraries and zero-dependency projects are exempt). (no lockfile (applications should pin dependencies))

all ladder · level 1

  • ✓ L1 A README and some tests. README.mdtests/api/test_admin.py 73 test files
  • ✗ L2 CI runs the tests; applications pin dependencies (libraries and zero-dependency projects are exempt). no lockfile (applications should pin dependencies)
  • ✗ L3 At least 90% of modules fit 32k tokens and no file exceeds 12k; test/source token ratio at least 0.3; at least 70% of the code is typed. 79% of modules fit 32k tokens; 2 files over 12k; 45% of code is typed (< 70%)
  • ✗ L4 No import cycles, and agent docs (AGENTS.md, CLAUDE.md, llms.txt). 1 import cycles (largest: pygeoapi/__init__.py, pygeoapi/api/__init__.py, pygeoapi/api/collection.py)

Make or buy

Make with agents

1,334,922 output + 33,373,050 input tokens on anthropic:claude-opus-5-5 ≈ $52.

14.8 agent-hours · 8.9 human days (8.9 steering + 0.0 rediscovering history).

$6,993 over 3 years

Buy (adopt as is)

15 min to running (via cli) + 2 min to first use (via service).

240 min/year of upgrades; price $0/year.

$823 over 3 years

Buying wins below $2,057 per year. How this is estimated.

Classic COCOMO vs neosloc value

Classic COCOMO (sloccount)

23.47 KSLOC → 66.0 person-months over 12.3 months.

$742k

The effort to write it by hand, as COCOMO priced it in 1981.

neosloc value (neoCOCOMO)

Reproduce with agents: 6.6 PM (×0.1 of classic; 100% of behaviour captured by tests, contract and docs).

Rediscover uncaptured history: 0.0 PM (366 fixes in 1528 commits by 147 authors).

× leverage 0.91 (integrability) × obsolescence 0.9.

$61k (5.4 PM)

What survives

8% of the classic figure

0% of the replacement cost lives only in code and history.

How the value is estimated.

History

2026-10-07: 1.32026-10-07: 1.32026-10-07: 1.32026-10-07: 1.3
EvaluatedCommitneoslocIndexMake or buy
2026-10-070b3838011d540.8.01.30buy
2026-10-070b3838011d540.7.41.30buy
2026-10-070b3838011d540.7.31.30buy
2026-10-070b3838011d540.7.21.30buy