fastify/fastify
Dimensions
Interface surface 3 solid [library] The public API is statically typed (py.typed, type declarations, a typed language).
Can another program use it through a documented, machine-readable surface?
- next: [service] L1 A network surface exists: HTTP routes, an MCP server, or a standard protocol listener. (no network surface)
- next: [library] L4 An API reference is generated from the code (autodoc, mkdocstrings, typedoc, …). (no generated API reference)
library ladder · level 3
- ✓ L1 An importable, packaged API exists. package.json npm package
- ✓ L2 The public API is delimited (__all__, an exports map, exported identifiers). package.json package entry point
- ✓ L3 The public API is statically typed (py.typed, type declarations, a typed language). package.json TypeScript types
- ✗ L4 An API reference is generated from the code (autodoc, mkdocstrings, typedoc, …). no generated API reference
service ladder · level 0
- ✗ L1 A network surface exists: HTTP routes, an MCP server, or a standard protocol listener. no network surface
- ✗ L2 A contract exists: a checked-in OpenAPI/GraphQL/protobuf/AsyncAPI spec, a framework-generated spec, MCP tool schemas, or a standard application protocol that off-the-shelf clients speak (RESP, MQTT, gRPC, PostgreSQL wire, …). no machine-readable contract
- ✗ L3 A contract covers its transport: an HTTP contract covers at least 80% of declared routes (generated contracts do), or the application layer over a standard protocol (commands, topics, payloads) is specified in a protocol document or AsyncAPI. no contract
- ✗ L4 A second surface: another transport (HTTP and a protocol, two protocols), an MCP server, a CLI with JSON output, or an SDK. only one programmatic surface
Contract stability 1 ad hoc Releases are versioned (semver tags or versioned changelog sections).
Can integrators rely on it not changing under them?
- next: L2 A changelog exists and marks breaking changes. (no changelog)
all ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Releases are versioned (semver tags or versioned changelog sections). 333 semver tags, latest v6.0.0-alpha.4
- ✗ L2 A changelog exists and marks breaking changes. no changelog
- ✗ L3 A deprecation mechanism is used in code (warnings, @deprecated, Deprecation/Sunset headers) or the API is versioned. no deprecation mechanism or API versioning
- ✓ L4 Across tagged releases, no OpenAPI operation, CLI option or __all__ symbol was removed without first being deprecated. 20 tagged releases compared
Events 1 ad hoc Internal events exist (signals, queues, an outbox, emitters).
Can others react to state changes without polling?
- next: L2 Webhooks sent by this system, or a streaming endpoint (SSE, WebSocket). (no outbound webhooks or streams)
service ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Internal events exist (signals, queues, an outbox, emitters). fastify.js 1 matchlib/server.js 1 match
- ✗ L2 Webhooks sent by this system, or a streaming endpoint (SSE, WebSocket). no outbound webhooks or streams
- ✗ L3 Signed webhooks registrable through the API, or two mechanisms (webhooks, streams, a broker). one delivery mechanism, or webhooks that are unsigned or not registrable through the API
- ✗ L4 Events are described by AsyncAPI or CloudEvents. no AsyncAPI or CloudEvents contract
Identity 1 ad hoc [library] Credentials can be supplied non-interactively (environment variables).
Can a machine act with its own revocable, least-privilege identity?
- next: [service] L1 Programmatic authentication (bearer tokens, API keys). (no token auth)
- next: [library] L2 The credential environment variables are documented. (credential environment variables aren't documented)
library ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Credentials can be supplied non-interactively (environment variables). scripts/validate-ecosystem-links.js 1 match
- ✗ L2 The credential environment variables are documented. credential environment variables aren't documented
- ✓ L3 No output or log statement includes a credential. no credential in print/log statements
- ✗ L4 Several profiles or scoped credentials per target. no credential profiles
service ladder · level 0
- ✗ L1 Programmatic authentication (bearer tokens, API keys). no token auth
- ✗ L2 Per-client, revocable credentials (managed API keys, service accounts) or OAuth2. no managed keys or OAuth
- ✗ L3 Credentials carry scopes or permissions. no scopes or permissions
- ✗ L4 Standard provisioning or federation (OIDC client credentials, SCIM). no OIDC client credentials or SCIM
Data portability n/a Not applicable: owns no persistent data.
Can its data get in and out, in bulk, in open formats, with an explicit schema?
Agent ergonomics 1 ad hoc [service] Errors are machine-readable: consistent JSON over HTTP, or a standard protocol's native error replies (RESP errors, MQTT reason codes, gRPC status, SQLSTATE).
Can an automated caller use it without guessing, and recover from failure?
- next: [service] L2 Field-level validation errors, and paginated lists. (no pagination)
- next: [library] L1 Errors are specific exception types, and library code never calls sys.exit. (no exception classes)
library ladder · level 0
- ✗ L1 Errors are specific exception types, and library code never calls sys.exit. no exception classes
- ✓ L2 Inputs are validated with messages naming the bad argument. lib/four-oh-four.js 1 match
- ✓ L3 Timeouts and retries are configurable. fastify.js 1 matchscripts/validate-ecosystem-links.js 1 match
- ✗ L4 Agent docs, and examples that run as tests (doctests). no agent docs
service ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Errors are machine-readable: consistent JSON over HTTP, or a standard protocol's native error replies (RESP errors, MQTT reason codes, gRPC status, SQLSTATE). lib/error-handler.js 7 matcheslib/route.js 7 matches
- ✗ L2 Field-level validation errors, and paginated lists. no pagination
- ✗ L3 Typed errors (RFC 9457 over HTTP, or a standard protocol's typed error codes), idempotent writes (Idempotency-Key), and rate-limit signals. no typed errors
- ✗ L4 Dry-run or validate-only, conditional requests, and agent docs. no dry-run
Embeddability 2 partial [library] Installable as a package (a package manifest).
Can another system run and compose it without a human?
- next: [service] L2 Configured through environment variables, documented: a .env example, a config schema, or docs naming at least half of the variables the code reads. (the environment variables aren't documented)
- next: [library] L3 Published to a public registry, with at most 10 runtime dependencies. (not published to a registry)
library ladder · level 2
- ✓ L1 Importable from source. package.json npm package
- ✓ L2 Installable as a package (a package manifest). package.json package manifest
- ✗ L3 Published to a public registry, with at most 10 runtime dependencies. not published to a registry
- ✗ L4 Optional features behind extras/features. no optional extras
service ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Runnable from source with documented steps (a README with commands). README.md
- ✗ L2 Configured through environment variables, documented: a .env example, a config schema, or docs naming at least half of the variables the code reads. the environment variables aren't documented
- ✗ L3 A container image. no Dockerfile
- ✗ L4 Composition artifacts (compose, Helm, IaC). no compose/Helm/IaC
Extensibility 1 ad hoc Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager.
Can behaviour be added without modifying the code?
- next: L2 The docs show how to add behaviour through those seams (even in-tree). (no registration functions to document)
all ladder · level 1
- ✓ L1 Internal seams: a registry, registration function or plugin manager. types/instance.d.ts 17 matchesfastify.js 3 matches
- ✗ L2 The docs show how to add behaviour through those seams (even in-tree). no registration functions to document
- ✗ L3 Out-of-tree extensions are discovered (entry points, a plugin directory, configuration) without editing the package. extensions must be added inside the package
- ✗ L4 The extension API is versioned, has lifecycle hooks, and has example extensions. the extension API isn't versioned
Observability 2 partial [library] Log levels are used meaningfully (at least two levels).
Can an operator, or an orchestrating agent, tell whether it works and why not?
- next: [service] L1 A health or readiness endpoint, or a container healthcheck. (no health endpoint or healthcheck)
- next: [library] L3 Optional metrics or tracing hooks. (no metrics or tracing hooks)
library ladder · level 2
- ✓ L1 Logs through a standard logger namespace and never prints from library code. fastify.js 11 matcheslib/context.js 5 matches
- ✓ L2 Log levels are used meaningfully (at least two levels). levels: debug, error, info, trace, warn
- ✗ L3 Optional metrics or tracing hooks. no metrics or tracing hooks
- ✗ L4 OpenTelemetry instrumentation available. no OpenTelemetry instrumentation
service ladder · level 0
- ✗ L1 A health or readiness endpoint, or a container healthcheck. no health endpoint or healthcheck
- ✓ L2 Structured logs. lib/logger-pino.js 6 matcheslib/logger-factory.js 1 match
- ✗ L3 Metrics. no metrics
- ✗ L4 Distributed tracing (OpenTelemetry). no tracing
Change legibility 2 partial CI runs the tests; applications pin dependencies (libraries and zero-dependency projects are exempt).
Can an agent change it safely with limited context?
- next: L3 At least 90% of modules fit 32k tokens and no file exceeds 12k; test/source token ratio at least 0.3; at least 70% of the code is typed. (67% of modules fit 32k tokens; 1 files over 12k; 35% of code is typed (< 70%))
all ladder · level 2
- ✓ L1 A README and some tests. README.mdtest/404s.test.js 226 test files
- ✓ L2 CI runs the tests; applications pin dependencies (libraries and zero-dependency projects are exempt). .github/workflows/backport.yml.github/workflows/ci-alternative-runtime.yml
- ✗ L3 At least 90% of modules fit 32k tokens and no file exceeds 12k; test/source token ratio at least 0.3; at least 70% of the code is typed. 67% of modules fit 32k tokens; 1 files over 12k; 35% of code is typed (< 70%)
- ✗ L4 No import cycles, and agent docs (AGENTS.md, CLAUDE.md, llms.txt). 1 import cycles (largest: fastify.js, lib/four-oh-four.js, lib/log-controller.js)
Make or buy
Make with agents
1,667,914 output + 41,697,850 input tokens
on anthropic:claude-opus-5-5 ≈ $65.
18.5 agent-hours · 62.9 human days (12.4 steering + 50.4 rediscovering history).
$48,949 over 3 years
Buy (adopt as is)
15 min to running (via library) + 10 min to first use (via library).
240 min/year of upgrades; price $0/year.
$832 over 3 years
Buying wins below $16,039 per year. How this is estimated.
Classic COCOMO vs neosloc value
Classic COCOMO (sloccount)
10.24 KSLOC → 27.6 person-months over 8.8 months.
$311k
The effort to write it by hand, as COCOMO priced it in 1981.
neosloc value (neoCOCOMO)
Reproduce with agents: 3.5 PM (×0.13 of classic; 94% of behaviour captured by tests, contract and docs).
Rediscover uncaptured history: 2.4 PM (885 fixes in 4462 commits by 953 authors).
× leverage 0.94 (integrability) × obsolescence 0.95.
$60k (5.3 PM)
What survives
19% of the classic figure
41% of the replacement cost lives only in code and history.
History
| Evaluated | Commit | neosloc | Index | Make or buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-12 | 3ad5a426371e | 0.8.0 | 1.56 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | b7eb53e41e1d | 0.8.0 | 1.56 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | b7eb53e41e1d | 0.7.4 | 1.56 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | b7eb53e41e1d | 0.7.3 | 1.56 | buy |
| 2026-10-07 | b7eb53e41e1d | 0.7.2 | 1.56 | buy |